API 5L X70 Ƙayyadaddun Bututun Layin Welded

API 5L maki bututun layi yana rufe iyakar ƙarfin ƙarfi;X70ya mamaye babban rukuni inda masu zanen kaya za su iya cancanci hanyoyin walda masu amfani. Yawancin layukan iskar gas mai nisa{1} da bututun fitarwa na tafiya zuwa X70 galibi zuwayanke kaurin bango da ton karfeba tare da rage girman ƙira ba. Wannan haɗin babban ƙarfi da walƙiya mai iya sarrafawa yana bayyana dalilin da yasa X70 sau da yawa ke maye gurbin X60/X65 akan sababbi, manyan hanyoyin ƙarfi-. Direbobin ƙira na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• Mafi girman matsa lamba don watsa iskar gas mai nisa{{0}
• Ƙananan nauyin bututu a ƙasa mai laushi ko ƙasa mai wuyar gaske
• Layukan fitarwa da ke da alaƙa da haɓakar teku inda tsayin hanya ke haɓaka farashin ƙarfe
• Yin saƙo ko haɓaka hanyoyin da ke akwai yayin kiyaye kaurin bango cikin iyakoki masu iya aiki

Da zarar aikin ya kulle a cikin X70, ƙayyadaddun kayan yawanci ke bayyanaMatsayin PSL, nau'in samfurin welded da ra'ayin shafitare, sa'an nan kuma ƙara NDT, takardu da buƙatun gini kusa da ainihin zaɓin.

Daftarin magana donAPI 5L X70 bututun layin waldashine ma'auni na API 5L, wanda ya dace da ISO 3183. Ƙayyadaddun ayyuka galibi suna kiran ɗayan waɗannan haɗin gwiwar:

• Saukewa: PSL1X70– welded line bututu domin general watsa sabis
• Saukewa: PSL2X70– welded line bututu tare da tighter abun da ke ciki iyaka, tauri sharudda da traceability

API 5L yana rufe duka maras sumul da samfuran walda, amma dogon{1}} nesa, manyan tsarin diamita{2} sun dogara sosaiwelded X70. Don bututun walda na PSL2, takaddun aikin yawanci suna faɗi:

• Yanayin isarwa (TMCP ko Q+T, ya danganta da hanyar faranti/naɗa)
• Da ake bužata zazzabi mai tasiri na Charpy da kuzari
• NDT ikon yinsa da mita don walda dinki da jikin bututu
• Dokokin bin diddigin daga zafin karfe zuwa bututun da aka gama, gami da sakamakon gwaji da bayanan shafi

Hanyoyin Mill da dubawa & tsare-tsaren gwaji (ITPs) sannan fassara waɗannan buƙatun zuwa matakan samarwa da tsare-tsaren samfur.

Siffar sifa ta X70 ita ceƘarfin ƙaramar ƙaramar ƙima (SMYS)na70,000 psi (≈ 485 MPa)karkashin API 5L. Wannan matakin mafi girma shine abin da ke barin masu zanen kaya su rage kaurin bango idan aka kwatanta da X60/X65 a matsa lamba iri ɗaya.

Tebur 1 - Mahimman ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kayan inji (bayani):

Babban bayanin kula mai ƙarfi{{0}:

• Mafi girman SMYS yana ba da damar bangon bakin ciki a wani matsin lamba na ciki, amma ƙungiyoyin ƙira sannan su mai da hankali sosai ga ovality, buckling na gida da lodi na waje, musamman don binnewa da sabis na bakin teku.
• Ana haɗe SMTS tare da lissafin sarrafa karaya don kimanta halayen kamawa, wanda ke da mahimmanci akan layukan iskar gas mai nisa-.
• Dole ne tsayin daka ya isa don lankwasawa filin sanyi, kunnen doki{0}in da motsi na ƙasa; ayyuka da yawa sun cancanci bends da girth welds a kan wakilin X70 bututu kafin cikakken samar da waldi ya fara.

Ayyukan PSL2 X70 yawanci suna ƙayyadeCharpy V{0}}gwajin tasiri mai darajaa yanayin zafi da aka ƙayyade. Layukan watsa bango da iskar gas masu nauyi suna ƙara ƙara-DWTT (saukar da gwajin hawayen nauyi)don tallafawa sarrafa yaduwar karaya.

Hanyar masana'anta tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a yadda X70 ke aiki da zarar an shigar da shi. A cikin manyan manyan diamita{2}, manyan ayyukan iskar gas da mai,Ana ɗaukar LSAW (SAWL) azaman zaɓi na farko, yayin da ERW/HFW da SSAW ake amfani da su inda diamita da kauri iya aiki dace da zane ambulan.

1 LSAW/SAWL – Babban Hanya don Babban -Layin Ƙarfi

An samar da bututun LSAW X70 dagafaranti mai fadikafa ta UOE ko JCO tafiyar matakai da weded ta amfani dawaldi mai gefe biyu{{0}. Wannan haɗin yana goyan bayanmanyan diamita da ganuwar nauyi, daidai kewayon da ake buƙata don dogayen tulun iskar gas da layukan fitarwa na ketare suna gudana cikin matsanancin matsin lamba. An saita sigogin ƙirƙira da walda don ƙarfin farantin karfe, ƙarfin weld da taurin HAZ duk sun cika buƙatun X70 a kusa da cikakken kewaye.

Musamman fasalulluka na LSAW X70 sun haɗa da:

• Cikakken - UT na weld dinki da jikin bututu, tare da RT a ƙayyadaddun wurare inda ake buƙata
• Damuwa{0}}maganin zafi akan kauri{1}} sassan bango don rage saura danniya da inganta juzu'i
• Haƙuri mai tsauri akan waje{0} na- zagaye da daidaitawa don tallafawa lankwasa filin da shigarwa na waje
• Wuraren samfur da aka ayyana a cikin ƙarfe na tushe, HAZ da ƙarfe na walda don gwaji da gwaji

Wannan saje nababban ƙarfi, bango{0}} iyawar kauri da daidaiton lissafiya bayyana dalilin da ya sa LSAW sau da yawa shine farkon hanyar masana'anta da aka kimanta lokacin da aikin ke ƙayyadaddun X70 don sabbin layukan katako.

2 ERW/HFW da SSAW – Hanyoyi masu Mahimmanci

LSAW baya rufe kowane diamita da bangon haɗin gwiwa{0}.ERW/HFW da SSAWcike giɓi da tallafawa aikace-aikacen yanki:

ERW / HFW X70

• An samar da shi daga zafi mai zafi{0}} nada, an tsaga kuma an yi shi kafin babban walda{1} na kabu mai tsayi.
• Ana amfani da shi musamman ga ƙanana da matsakaicin diamita tare da matsakaicin kaurin bango a cikin ƙasa{0} tushen tsarin, madaukai da bututun tasha.
• Ana kula da ingancin kabu ta hanyar NDT ta kan layi (UT/EC); Ƙayyadaddun bayanai na PSL2 na iya kiran PWHT na gida a cikin weld da HAZ.

SSAW / SAWH X70

• Kerarre daga nada kafa a wani helical kwana tare da ciki da waje nutsewar baka waldi.
• Yana ba da kyakkyawan amfani da kayan aiki a cikin manyan diamita inda sarƙaƙƙiya masu karkace ke karɓar lambar ƙira da ƙayyadaddun aikin.
• Akan kawowa tare da cikakken{0}} UT na karkace walda, da RT inda aikin ke buƙatar ƙarin tabbaci.

An daidaita duk hanyoyin don hakaweld da kayan HAZ ba su da rauni fiye da kayan iyaye na X70, maɓalli mai mahimmanci lokacin da aka yi amfani da daraja a matakan damuwa.

3 UOE da JCOE Forming don X70 LSAW Pipe

Hanyar samar da farantin karfe tana da tasiri kai tsaye akan sarrafa ovality, ragowar damuwa da kwanciyar hankali gabaɗaya. Don X70 LSAW, duka biyuUOEkumaJCOEAna amfani da layukan ko'ina, kuma ƙungiyoyin aikin wani lokaci suna tambayar yadda ake kwatanta su ta fuskar injiniya.

Tebur 2 - Kwatanta UOE vs. JCOE da aka kafa don bututun layin X70 LSAW:

Zaɓin tsakanin UOE da JCOE yawanci ya dogara da ƙayyadaddun tsarin niƙa da haɗin aikin fiye da bambance-bambancen aiki na asali. Da zarar an kafa, hanyoyin walda da faɗaɗawa sun cancanta zuwa buƙatun X70, hanyoyin biyu za su iya isar da babban{2}}ƙarfi, ƙaranci{3}}aramar jikin bututun da ake buƙata don buƙatar sabis na gangar jikin.

X70 yana gudana kusa da ƙarshen babba na damuwa bututun mai, don hakasinadarai zanedole ne isar da ƙarfi da tauri ba tare da rufe kashe weldability. Don haka ana siffanta matakan daidai da carbon (CE) da matakan microalloying a cikin kunkuntar makada.

Tebur 3 - Matsakaicin abun da ke nunawa don welded API 5L X70 (PSL2, tunani):

Abubuwan buƙatun PSL2 na yau da kullun don bututun welded X70 sun haɗa da:

• Iyakoki na sama don CEIIW da/ko PCM don kiyaye preheat da buƙatun shiga tsakani a cikin kewayon aiki
• Iyaka akan jimillar Nb+V+Ti da kan daidaitattun abubuwan microalloy
• Ikon zaɓi akan Cu, Ni, Cr da Mo don dacewa da matsakaici da hanyoyin walda
• Ƙarin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan hanyoyi masu nauyi{0}}bangayen bango ko ƙananan hanyoyin zafi{1}

Irin wannan iko ya zama mahimmanci musamman lokacinbabban - ƙarfi X70an haɗa shi da yanayin sanyi, haɓakar abubuwan ƙira ko haɗin kan teku.

Za'a iya ba da Welded X70 akan babban ambulaf mai faɗi. Ƙarfin Mill yana saita iyakoki, amma zaɓin aikin na yau da kullun ya faɗi cikin jeri na ƙasa.

Tebur na 4 – Matsakaicin girman kewayon bututun layin X70 mai walda (mai nunin nuni):

Masu zanen kaya namanyan layukan iskar gas{0}sau da yawa hada manyan diamita tare da matsakaici kauri bango don daidaita iya aiki da waldi yawan aiki. X70 ana amfani dashilayukan fitar da ƙasa ko na ƙasayawanci yana fasalta bango mai kauri don tsayayya da matsa lamba na waje, lankwasawa da kayan shigarwa, tare da maƙarƙashiya kan iyakoki akan ovality da nakasassun geometric na gida.

Tsarin sutura{0}kamar suFBE, 3LPE, 3LPP da kankare nauyi shafi- sannan an ƙayyade don magance haɗarin lalata, akan{1}} kwanciyar hankali na ƙasa da aikin zafi a kan hanya.

X70 yana aiki a mafi girman damuwa fiye da ƙananan maki, don haka dubawa da gwaji sun fi dacewa. Za a iya taƙaita makircin wakilci na bututun X70 mai walda kamar haka:

Tebur 5 - Misalin dubawa da matrix gwaji don welded API 5L X70:

Ƙungiyoyin gine-gine yawanci suna ba da kulawa sosaicancantar tsarin walda (WPS/PQR)Lokacin aiki tare da X70. Abubuwan da aka fi mayar da hankali sun haɗa da:

• Shigar da zafi da iyakacin zafin jiki
• Weld karfe ƙarfi matching ko kadan overmatching vs. X70 tushe karfe
• Tauri da taurin HAZ, musamman ga injin walda
• Sarrafa rashin daidaituwa, ƙarfafa weld da saura danniya a girth welds

To - ƙwararrun matakai da ƙwararrun ma'aikata suna ba da damar shigar da haɗin gwiwa na X70 a farashin samar da babban layi yayin da har yanzu suna cika ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatun inganci.

Masu bututun bututu galibi suna zabar jerin sunayenAPI 5L X70 bututun layin waldalokacin da maki ɗaya dole ne ya haɗa babban matsi mai ƙira, dogon tuƙi da kaurin bango mai iya sarrafawa. Abubuwan al'amuran gama gari sun haɗa da sabbin layukan iskar gas ta yankuna masu nisa, fitarwa da layin faɗuwar ƙasa da aka ɗaure zuwa filayen teku, da madaukai masu haɓaka ko sassan maye a kan hanyoyin da ake da su inda duka iyawa da ƙarfin ƙarfin ke buƙatar haɓaka ba tare da nauyin bututun da ya wuce kima ba.

Octal Pipe yana goyan bayan waɗannan ayyukan tare da welded X70 zuwa API 5L PSL1 da PSL2 a cikin ERW/HFW, LSAW da siffofin SSAW, madaidaicin diamita, kauri na bango, tsarin sutura da iyakar dubawa ga ƙayyadaddun aikin. Na uku{5}}ana iya tsara wa'azin ƙungiya ta BV, DNV, SGS ko wasu ƙungiyoyin da aka zaɓa ta yadda manyan bayanan kayan X70 masu ƙarfi su haɗu da tsafta cikin ƙirar bututun gabaɗaya da tsarin QA/QC.

FAQ

 

 

01.What's bambanci tsakanin API 5L X70 PSL1 da PSL2 ga welded line bututu?

A1:PSL2 ya fi tsauri akan sarrafa sinadarai da gwaji/karɓa, kuma galibi ana ƙayyade shi don mahimman ayyukan bututun.

02.Ta yaya zan zabi ERW vs LSAW vs SSAW don API 5L X70 welded line bututu?

A2:Zaɓi bisa ga kaurin OD/bangon da ake buƙata, ƙayyadaddun aikin, da buƙatun walda/NDT{0}}LSAW/SSAW na gama gari don manyan diamita, ERW don ƙarami zuwa matsakaici.

03.Me zan nema don tabbatar da ingancin bututun layin welded API 5L X70 kafin siyan?

A3:Nemi MTC/bincike, matakin PSL da ake buƙata, daidaitattun ƙimar carbon, sakamakon NDT, hydrotest, da kowane aikin{0} ƙayyadaddun tasiri/gwajin karaya